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Cypher Manual
Product Version
    • Introduction
      • Overview
      • Cypher and Neo4j
      • Cypher and Aura
    • Queries
      • Core concepts
      • Basic queries
      • Combined queries (UNION)
    • Clauses
      • Clause composition
      • CALL procedure
      • CREATE
      • DELETE
      • FINISH
      • FOREACH
      • LIMIT
      • LOAD CSV
      • MATCH
      • MERGE
      • OPTIONAL MATCH
      • ORDER BY
      • REMOVE
      • RETURN
      • SET
      • SHOW FUNCTIONS
      • SHOW PROCEDURES
      • SHOW SETTINGS
      • SHOW TRANSACTIONS
      • SKIP
      • TERMINATE TRANSACTIONS
      • UNWIND
      • USE
      • WHERE
      • WITH
    • Subqueries
      • CALL subqueries
      • CALL subqueries in transactions
      • COLLECT subqueries
      • COUNT subqueries
      • EXISTS subqueries
    • Patterns
      • Primer
      • Fixed-length patterns
      • Variable-length patterns
      • Shortest paths
      • Non-linear patterns
      • Syntax and semantics
    • Values and types
      • Property, structural, and constructed values
      • Boolean, numeric, and string literals
      • Temporal values
      • Spatial values
      • Lists
      • Maps
      • Working with null
      • Casting data values
      • Equality, ordering, and comparison of value types
    • Expressions
      • Predicates
        • Boolean operators
        • Comparison operators
        • List operators
        • String operators
        • Path pattern expressions
        • Type predicate expressions
      • Node and relationship operators
      • Mathematical operators
      • String concatenation operators
      • Temporal operators
      • List expressions
      • Map expressions
      • Conditional expressions (CASE)
    • Functions
      • Aggregating functions
      • Database functions
      • Graph functions
      • List functions
      • LOAD CSV functions
      • Mathematical functions - logarithmic
      • Mathematical functions - numeric
      • Mathematical functions - trigonometric
      • Predicate functions
      • Scalar functions
      • Spatial functions
      • String functions
      • Temporal functions - duration
      • Temporal functions - instant types
      • User-defined functions
      • Vector functions
    • GenAI integrations
    • Indexes
      • Search-performance indexes
        • Create, show, and delete indexes
        • The impact of indexes on query performance
        • Index hints for the Cypher planner
      • Semantic indexes
        • Full-text indexes
        • Vector indexes
      • Syntax
    • Constraints
      • Create, show, and drop constraints
      • Syntax
    • Execution plans and query tuning
      • Understanding execution plans
      • Operators
        • Operators in detail
      • Cypher runtimes
        • Concepts
        • Parallel runtime: reference
      • Query tuning
    • Query caches
      • Unifying query caches
    • Administration
    • Syntax
      • Parsing
      • Naming rules and recommendations
      • Variables
      • Keywords
      • Parameters
      • Comments
    • Deprecations, additions, and compatibility
    • Appendix
      • Cypher styleguide
      • GQL conformance
        • Supported mandatory GQL features
        • Currently unsupported mandatory GQL features
        • Supported optional GQL features
        • Optional GQL features and analogous Cypher
        • Additional Cypher features
      • Tutorials and extended examples
        • Basic query tuning example
        • Advanced query tuning example
        • Shortest path planning

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  • Syntax
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Syntax

Cypher® follows a several syntactical rules and recommendations that are important to know when constructing queries. Further information can be found in the following sections:

  • Parsing

  • Naming rules and recommendations

  • Variables

  • Keywords

  • Parameters

  • Comments

Administration Parsing

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